煤矿薄煤层定向钻孔水害探查技术研究

从保德煤矿水文地质条件出发，研究了矿区奥灰水突水危险性，计算了8号煤层底板安全隔水层厚度和突水系数。采用薄煤层定向钻探工艺对保德煤矿81312工作面胶带运输巷道和81313工作面辅助运输巷道底板以下岩层及10号煤层进行水害及隐伏构造探查，探明了8号煤层底板岩层地质构造及富水性，形成了区域薄煤层定向钻孔水害探查方法。研究表明，利用定向钻孔的一孔多用功能超前预抽10号煤层瓦斯，可为矿区安全开采提供保障。     

低浓度挥发性有机物吸附浓缩材料的研究进展

由于挥发性有机物（VOCs）会对环境造成严重的危害，因此VOCs的处理一直备受人们的关注，但发展高效的VOCs处理技术仍然存在严峻的挑战。本文针对大风量、低浓度VOCs的处理展开了综述，重点围绕吸附、催化燃烧处理展开讨论。对于大风量的低浓度VOCs，虽然浓度较低但VOCs排放量非常巨大。通过VOCs浓缩技术，提高浓度减少风量成为降低VOCs处理成本的有效途径。其中，发展高性能VOCs吸附材料是VOCs浓缩技术的关键。阐明了活性炭、分子筛等重要吸附材料的性质及其吸附VOCs的原理，并对吸附材料性质和VOCs种类对吸附效果的影响进行了探讨。展望了活性炭浓缩-催化燃烧技术和分子筛转轮浓缩-催化燃烧技术在大风量的低浓度VOCs处理中的应用前景。     

A two-stage vision-based method for measuring the key parameters of ball screws

Ball screws are crucial for improving the reliability and interchangeability of transmission mechanical systems; however, existing contact measurement methods that utilise stylus contact are not efficient, which precludes their use for rapid in-situ geometry evaluation. This paper presents a vision-based two-stage method for rapid measurement of key parameters (raceway arc radii and centre distance) of ball screws. The edge contour information is extracted from the acquired image using the dual-tree complex wavelet transform and non-maximal suppression. In the matching stage, a shape-matching algorithm is used for detecting approximate geometrical centres of raceway arcs. The refinement stage, on the other hand, is implemented for acquiring precise dimensional results. Furthermore, the method of averaging multiple measurements is performed to suppress random noise. A comparative experiment is presented to validate the robustness of the proposed method. Based on experimental results, the calculated mean absolute errors in the measurement of the two raceway arc radii and the centre distance are found to be 0.0082 mm, 0.0079 mm and 0.0055 mm, respectively. This study therefore paves the way for key parameter measurement without removing ball screws.     

并联有源滤波器的改进重复控制策略研究

针对三相整流负载产生的6k±1次谐波,提出静止坐标系下的改进型6k±1重复控制策略。同时将比例控制与改进型重复控制相结合,设计改进重复控制并联比例的复合控制结构。为减小改进重复控制中延时环节不为整数的影响,采用基于Lagrange插值近似的FIR滤波器逼近分数延时特性。最后对系统进行稳定性分析和详细设计方法进行推导。通过Matlab仿真验证改进重复控制策略能有效跟踪6k±1次谐波且具有良好的补偿效果,动态响应较快。     

Image Super-Resolution Based on Generative Adversarial Networks: A Brief Review

Single image super resolution (SISR) is an important research content in the field of computer vision and image processing. With the rapid development of deep neural networks, different image super-resolution models have emerged. Compared to some traditional SISR methods, deep learning-based methods can complete the superresolution tasks through a single image. In addition, compared with the SISR methods using traditional convolutional neural networks, SISR based on generative adversarial networks (GAN) has achieved the most advanced visual performance. In this review, we first explore the challenges faced by SISR and introduce some common datasets and evaluation metrics. Then, we review the improved network structures and loss functions of GAN-based perceptual SISR. Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of different networks are analyzed by multiple comparative experiments. Finally, we summarize the paper and look forward to the future development trends of GAN-based perceptual SISR.     

Redox‐Active Polymers Connecting Living Microbial Cells to an Extracellular Electrical Circuit

Microbial electrochemical systems in which metabolic electrons in living microbes have been extracted to or injected from an extracellular electrical circuit have attracted considerable attention as environmentally‐friendly energy conversion systems. Since general microbes cannot exchange electrons with extracellular solids, electron mediators are needed to connect living cells to an extracellular electrode. Although hydrophobic small molecules that can penetrate cell membranes are commonly used as electron mediators, they cannot be dissolved at high concentrations in aqueous media. The use of hydrophobic mediators in combination with small hydrophilic redox molecules can substantially increase the efficiency of the extracellular electron transfer process, but this method has side effects, in some cases, such as cytotoxicity and environmental pollution. In this Review, recently‐developed redox‐active polymers are highlighted as a new type of electron mediator that has less cytotoxicity than many conventional electron mediators. Owing to the design flexibility of polymer structures, important parameters that affect electron transport properties, such as redox potential, the balance of hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, and electron conductivity, can be systematically regulated.     

Active Metamaterials with Negative Static Electric Susceptibility

Although well-established textbook arguments suggest that static electric susceptibility χ⁽⁰⁾ must be positive in “all bodies,” it has been pointed out that materials that are not in thermodynamic equilibrium are not necessarily subject to this restriction. Media with inverted populations of atomic and molecular energy levels have been predicted theoretically to exhibit a χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0 state, however the systems envisioned require reduced temperature, reduced pressure, and an external pump laser to maintain the population inversion. Further, the existence of χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0 has never been confirmed experimentally. Here, a completely different approach is taken to the question of χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0 and a design concept to achieve “true” χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0 is proposed based on active metamaterials with internal power sources. Two active metamaterial structures are fabricated that, despite still having their power sources implemented externally for reasons of practical convenience, provide evidence in support of the general concept. Effective values are readily achieved at room temperature and pressure and are tunable throughout the range of stability −1 < χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0, resulting in experimentally-determined magnitudes that are over one thousand times greater than those predicted previously. Since χ⁽⁰⁾ < 0 is the missing electric analog of diamagnetism, this work opens the door to new technological capabilities such as stable electrostatic levitation.     

基于机器视觉的手机电池表面缺陷检测

针对手机电池表面质量人工检测情况,开发了电池表面缺陷无损检测系统软件。首先电池表面经过倾斜矫正、感兴趣区域提取和字符灰度值修改等预处理操作,通过基于灰度密度分布和灰度差的自适应阈值亮度法对感兴趣区域进行子图像遍历,融合有重合区域的缺陷子图像并滤除没有明显缺陷的区域;然后采用支持向量机多种类分类法,提取二值图像像素分布规律作为训练特征,识别电池表面缺陷种类;最后设计了人机交互界面,确定最佳的可变参数,实验测试缺陷识别率达95%以上。     

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS分析黄芪蜜炙前后活性成分差异

建立了HPLC-ESI-MS/MS联用技术分析生黄芪与炙黄芪的成分，并比较两者成分差异。采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm×5 μm），以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，流速1 mL/min，检测波长203 nm，柱温25 ℃；使用ESI离子源，分别在正、负离子模式下进行全扫描和二级扫描，质量扫描范围m/z 100~2000。采用该方法鉴定了生黄芪与炙黄芪中的62种成分，并对黄芪蜜炙前后的成分进行了比较，实验结果可为黄芪炮制方法的选择提供参考依据。     

双弹性板矩形空腔内噪声的有源力控制

研究了在弹性板上施加不同参数的有源力对腔内噪声进行控制的问题。构建双弹性板构成的封闭矩形声腔模型，对封闭声腔的结构 声耦合特性进行分析，推导了在封闭声腔有源力控制作用下声压计算公式，给出采用有源力控制的最优控制模型。分析了弹性板在不同参数的次级力源激励下腔内局部声场的声压级响应，并建立了仿真模型对局部声场的减噪效果进行分析。结果表明，合理选择次级力源的参数对控制效果的影响较为明显，且次级力源的个数并非越多越好。